Concrete building construction



' 1,549,951 R. H'AKN.

CONCRETE BUILING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 7. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug.' 18, 1925.

a l c u l R. H. AIKEN CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed latch 7. 1922 2 Shoots-@Sheet 2 Patented fang. l, i925..

ROBERT H. AIKEN, Oli' WENTHROP HARBOR, ILLINOIS.

CONCRETE BUILDING- CONSTRUCTION.

Application led March 7, 1922. Serial No. 541,822.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it knownthat l, Ronnn'r H. AIKEN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Winthrop Harbor, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Building Constructions, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to concrete building construction and especially to forming and supporting in reinforced' concrete building walls, one-piece ceilings and floors,`

t is to be observed that an inch rod must enter concrete at least thirty inches in order to break before withdrawal under tension, whereas a rod onefourth of an inch in diameter must enter" only seven or eight inches. No ordinary wall, then, can securely hold a reinforcing rod an inch in diameter;

` and deiiecting the rod is worse than useless although it deceives the unskilled.

With these facts in mind, l use only small straight rods in such concrete construction'.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view partly in section showing a portion of a partly formed Vmonolithic reinforced wall, floor and ceiling,

certain simple erection members being in place.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing similarly the wall, the Hoor and the ceiling with all erection members removed.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through a .wall and the beam integral therewith.

Fig. a is a vertical section through the wall and the adjacent part of a beam.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a knockdown frame for holding rods to reinforce concrete slabs formed in the frame.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the slab when formed andremoved from the frame.

ln these figures, 5 represents a reinforced concrete wall formed with a primarily open, horizontal, floor-receiving recess, 6, in its inner face. A little below this recess, which extends around the building, or room, are placed temporary frame-work beams, 7, and on these rest planks 8 having their upper surfaces flush with the lower side of the recess and intended to support a set of beams 9, and integral transverse beams `10. Upon these supports are laid pre-formed reinforced concrete slabs 11, which marginally overlap these supports at each of the four sides of the slabs. These slabs are formed in knock-down frames 12 holding straight reinforcing rods 13 arranged in longitudinal and transverse sets with their endsprojecting outward from the inner faces of the frame to a distance approximately equal to thirty times the diameter of the rods or the width of the spaces between the adjacent edges of consecutive slabs, so that no slab l can be materially displaced in its plane by a careless workman.

The slabs being thus 1n place, boards 14 of equal width are placed, upright, on all marginal portions of the slabs, those next the wall, however, being preferably at a distance from the inner face of the wall equal to the depth of the wall recess into which the rods 18 project. In all the channels between the boards 14, and near the lower sides thereof, are placed sets of small reinforcing rods 15, 16, which also project into the wall recesses the depth of which may be about one-third the thickness of the wall. When the wall is formed a set of straight horizontal rods 17 are fixed in the wall and extend from near the outer wall face into the wall recesses and project therefrom at the beam approximately to a distance equal to twofthirds the wall thickness. rlhe channels between the boards as well as the wall recesses are now filled up to the upper edges of the boards with concrete, which is then allowed to set, short open transverse tubes 18 being placed in the form channels wherever desired, to form passages for pipes or electrical conductors. The form boards are then removed and on the upper faces of the concrete beams are laid floor slabs 19, similar to the ceiling slabs 11, and extending into the wall recess as well as resting on the projecting concrete due to having the form board at some distance from the face of the wall as above stated. Allthe channels or spaces around these iioor slabs are now filled with concrete and the entire iioor is preferably covered with a layer 2O of very high grade concrete or cement mortar, which is carefully pressed into the upper part of the wall recess.

lt may be noted that the building can be quickly erected, so far as the parts described are concerned, the slabs being pre-formed in quantity; that all reinforcing rods are straight and terminally enter the concrete approximately to the distance required to resist withdrawal with the full tensile strength of the rods, which are all made slabs are capable of sustaining themselves and very material weight besides.

'It may further be observed that while deformed rods are not preferred they may be used in any case if desired.

What l claim is:

1. The combination with-a series of concrete floor beams and an intersecting transverse set of similar beams forming a series of rectangular spaces, of a set of ceiling slabs closing said spaces below and a set of floor slabs closing the same spaces above, both sets and the slabs of each set being integrally united by said beams, a series of small, simple, straight rods each'of uniform diameter, embedded in the lower part of each beam and extending from end to end thereof, and a series of like reinforcing rods embedded in said slabs and projecting perpcndicularly from the four sides of the same approximately through the adjacent beams, this virtually making all the slab rods continuous from side to side of the Y structure.

just below each of said recesses, placingv on said supports a set of spaced pre-formed ceiling slabs, placing on the slabs marginal upright boards, spacing those boards next the wall at some distance therefrom, filling with concrete the channels formed by the boards and filling said recesses to the same height, removing the boards, placing on the beams so formed similar floor slabs and completing the filling of saidrecesses and channels, said walls being provided with short straight simple rods projecting through the recesses into said channels and when the channel is filled embedded in the wall and in the concrete filling the channel to a distance preventing withdrawal by tension less than the tensileistrength of the rods.

3. In concrete building construction the combination vith a set of Hoor beams each having in its lower part small reinforcing rods and integrally connected witha concrete floor plate above and a concrete ceiling plate below, of an upright reinforced concrete wall receiving the ends of said beams and provided between the beams with ribs projecting into the space between said plates and integrally connected to the plates, walls and beams, and smallvstraight reinforcing rods each having an endA portion embedded in the wall and an end portion embedded in the beam and plate structure to adistance precluding withdrawal by tension.

ln testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

ROBERT H. AIKEN. 

